Updated Mar-2026 Pass CMMC-CCP Exam - Real Practice Test Questions
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Cyber AB CMMC-CCP Exam Syllabus Topics:
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NEW QUESTION # 75
A CMMC Level 1 Self-Assessment identified an asset in the OSC's facility that does not process, store, or transmit FCI. Which type of asset is this considered?
- A. Government-Issued Assets
- B. FCI Assets
- C. Specialized Assets
- D. Out-of-Scope Assets
Answer: D
Explanation:
The Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) 2.0 framework categorizes assets based on their interaction with Federal Contract Information (FCI) and Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI). In a CMMC Level 1 self-assessment, assets are classified based on whether they process, store, or transmit FCI.
FCI Assets- These assets process, store, or transmit FCI and must meet CMMC Level 1 security requirements (17 practices from FAR 52.204-21).
CUI Assets- These assets handle Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) and are subject to CMMC Level
2 requirements, aligned with NIST SP 800-171.
Specialized Assets- Includes IoT devices, Operational Technology (OT), Government-Furnished Equipment (GFE), and test equipment. These are often categorized separately due to their specific cybersecurity requirements.
Out-of-Scope Assets- Assets that do not process, store, or transmit FCI or CUI. These do not require compliance with CMMC practices.
Government-Issued Assets- These are assets provided by the government for contract-specific purposes, often requiring compliance based on government policies.
The question specifies that the identified assetdoes not process, store, or transmit FCI.
According to CMMC 2.0 guidelines,only assets that handle FCI or CUI are subject to security controls.
Assets that are physically located within an OSC's facility but do not interact with FCI or CUI fall into the" Out-of-Scope Assets"category.
These assets do not require CMMC-specific cybersecurity controls, as they have no impact on the security of FCI or CUI.
CMMC Scoping Guide (Nov 2021)- Definesout-of-scope assetsas those that are within an OSC's environment but have no interaction with FCI or CUI.
CMMC 2.0 Level 1 Guide- Only requires security controls on FCI assets, meaning assets that do not process, store, or transmit FCI are out of scope.
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide- Identifies the classification of assets in an OSC's environment to determine compliance requirements.
Asset Categories as per CMMC 2.0:Why the Correct Answer is C. Out-of-Scope Assets?Relevant CMMC 2.0 References:Final Justification:Since the assetdoes not process, store, or transmit FCI, it does not fall under
"FCI Assets" or "Specialized Assets." It is also not a government-issued asset. Therefore, the correct classification under CMMC 2.0 isOut-of-Scope Assets (C).
NEW QUESTION # 76
During an assessment, the Lead Assessor reviews the evidence for each CMMC in-scope practice that has been reviewed, verified, rated, and discussed with the OSC during the daily reviews. The Assessment Team records the final recommended MET or NOT MET rating and prepares to present the results to the assessment participants during the final review with the OSC and sponsor. As a part of this presentation, which document MUST include the attendee list, time/date, location/meeting link, results from all discussed topics, including any resulting actions, and due dates from the OSC or Assessment Team?
- A. Final and recorded OSC CMMC report
- B. Final log report
- C. Final CMMC report
- D. Final and recorded Daily Checkpoint log
Answer: D
Explanation:
Understanding the Final Review Process in a CMMC AssessmentDuring aCMMC Level 2 Assessment, theAssessment Teamand theOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC)holddaily checkpoint meetingsto discuss progress, review evidence, and ensure transparency.
At theend of the assessment, afinal review meetingis conducted, during which theLead Assessor presents the results. Therecorded Daily Checkpoint logserves as theofficial document summarizing:
* Theattendee list
* Time, date, and locationof the final review
* Final MET or NOT MET ratingsfor all practices
* Discussion points, resulting actions, and due datesfor both the OSC and Assessment Team
* TheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guidespecifies that all assessment findings and discussions must bedocumented throughout the assessment in daily checkpoint logs.
* TheFinal and Recorded Daily Checkpoint Logincludes all necessary details, such as attendee lists, discussion topics, and action items.
* This document isused to ensure all discussed topics and agreed-upon actions are properly tracked and recordedbefore submission.
* A. Final log report (Incorrect)
* There isno specific "Final Log Report"required in CMMC assessments.
* B. Final CMMC report (Incorrect)
* TheFinal CMMC Reportdocuments the overall assessment results butdoes not serve as the official meeting logfor the final review discussion.
* C. Final and recorded OSC CMMC report (Incorrect)
* This documentdoes not include detailed discussion points from the daily checkpoint meetings.
* The correct answer isD. Final and recorded Daily Checkpoint log, as this is the official document that captures thefinal meeting details, discussions, and action items.
References:
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide
CMMC 2.0 Scoping and Assessment Guidelines
NEW QUESTION # 77
A Lead Assessor is preparing to conduct a Readiness Review during Phase 1 of the Assessment Process. How much evidence MUST be gathered for each practice?
- A. Evidence that is deemed adequate
- B. Evidence to support at least 2 Assessment Methods
- C. At least 2 Assessment Objects
- D. A sufficient amount
Answer: D
Explanation:
During a Readiness Review (Phase 1), the purpose is to validate whether an OSC is prepared to move forward with a formal assessment. The CAP specifies that the Lead Assessor must collect sufficient evidence for each practice to make a preliminary determination of readiness.
Supporting Extracts from Official Content:
* CAP v2.0, Readiness Review (§2.14): "The Lead Assessor must collect a sufficient amount of evidence for each practice to determine the OSC's readiness." Why Option A is Correct:
* The requirement is for sufficient evidence; CAP does not mandate a set number of assessment objects or methods.
* Options B, C, and D incorrectly suggest minimum counts or methods that are not part of the readiness review requirements.
References (Official CMMC v2.0 Content):
* CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v2.0, Phase 1 Readiness Review.
NEW QUESTION # 78
During Phase 4 of the Assessment process, what MUST the Lead Assessor determine and recommend to the C3PAO concerning the OSC?
- A. Ability
- B. Capability
- C. Eligibility
- D. Suitability
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 79
A Lead Assessor is planning an assessment and scheduling the test activities. Who MUST perform tests to obtain evidence?
- A. OSC personnel who normally perform that work as the CCP observes
- B. Military personnel and the CCP and/or Lead Assessor to test the adequacy of the written procedure(s)
- C. OSC personnel who do not ordinarily perform that work to evaluate the accuracy of the written procedure(s)
- D. Military personnel assigned to the contractor for that contract to ensure the confidentiality of the CUI
Answer: A
Explanation:
Understanding Who Must Perform Tests in a CMMC AssessmentDuring aCMMC Level 2 Assessment, assessorsmust observe operational activities and security practicesto verify compliance. This process involves:
#Testing security controls and proceduresas part of the assessment.
#Observation of standard work practicesto ensure controls are properly implemented.
#Using operational personnel (OSC employees) who regularly perform the taskto ensure realistic assessment conditions.
Operational personnel (OSC employees) must conduct the actual work while assessors observe.
Certified CMMC Professionals (CCPs) or Lead Assessorsoversee and document the testing process.
Who Performs Tests?
A). OSC personnel who normally perform that work as the CCP observes # Correct CMMC assessments require actual users (OSC personnel) to perform their regular duties while assessors observeto verify security practices.
B). Military personnel and the CCP and/or Lead Assessor to test the adequacy of the written procedure(s) # Incorrect Military personnel are not responsible for testing contractor security controls.
Assessors observe and evaluate but do not perform testing themselves.
C). Military personnel assigned to the contractor for that contract to ensure the confidentiality of the CUI # Incorrect Military personnel do not perform the testing.
The contractor (OSC) is responsible for implementing and demonstrating security controls.
D). OSC personnel who do not ordinarily perform that work to evaluate the accuracy of the written procedure (s) # Incorrect Personnel unfamiliar with the job should not be used for testing.
Theassessment must reflect real-world conditions, so theactual employees who perform the work must demonstrate the process.
Why is the Correct Answer "A" (OSC personnel who normally perform that work as the CCP observes)?
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document
Specifies thatassessments must observe real operational activities to determine compliance.
CMMC-AB Assessment Methodology
Requirestesting of security controls in a realistic operational environment, meaning actual OSC personnel must perform the tasks.
NIST SP 800-171A (Assessment Procedures for NIST SP 800-171)
Specifies thatinterviews and observations should be conducted with personnel who regularly perform the work.
NEW QUESTION # 80
An assessment is being completed at a client site that is not far from the Lead Assessor's home office. The client provides a laptop for the duration of the engagement. During a meeting with the network engineers, the Lead Assessor requests information about the network. They respond that they have a significant number of drawings they can provide via their secure cloud storage service. The Lead Assessor returns to their home office and decides to review the documents. What is the BEST way to retrieve the documents?
- A. Log into the client VPN from the client laptop and retrieve the documents from the secure cloud storage service.
- B. Log into the secure cloud storage service to save copies of the documents on both the work and client laptops.
- C. Log into the client VPN from the assessor's laptop and retrieve the documents from the secure cloud storage service.
- D. Use their home office workstation to retrieve the documents from the secure cloud storage service and save them to a USB stick.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Best Practices for Handling Sensitive Assessment InformationCMMC assessments involve handlingsensitive and potentially CUI-related documents. Assessors must follow strictsecurity policiesto avoid unauthorized access, data leaks, or non-compliance withCMMC 2.0 and NIST SP 800-171 requirements.
* Why Logging into the Client VPN on the Client Laptop is the Best Approach:
* Ensures Data Protection:The client laptop is likely configured to meet security controls required for handling assessment-related materials.
* Prevents Data Spillage:Keeping all assessment-related activities within the client's secured environment reduces the risk ofdata leakage or unauthorized storage.
* Maintains Compliance with CMMC/NIST Guidelines:Using aproperly configured client laptop and secured connectionensures compliance withNIST SP 800-171 controls on secure remote access(Requirement3.13.12).
* A. "Log into the secure cloud storage service to save copies of the documents on both the work and client laptops."
* Incorrect#Sensitive data should not be duplicated across multiple systems, especially a non-client- approved laptop. Storing it on an unauthorized systemviolates data handling best practices.
* C. "Log into the client VPN from the assessor's laptop and retrieve the documents from the secure cloud storage service."
* Incorrect# Theassessor's laptop may not be authorizedorsecuredto handle client data. CMMC guidelines emphasizeusing approved, secured systemsfor assessment-related information.
* D. "Use their home office workstation to retrieve the documents from the secure cloud storage service and save them to a USB stick."
* Incorrect#
* Transferring sensitive documents via USBintroduces security risks, including unauthorized data storage and potential malware contamination.
* Home office workstationsare unlikely to be authorized for handling CMMC-sensitive data.
References:NIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2, Control 3.13.12 ("Use of Secure Remote Access") CMMC 2.0 Level 2 Assessment Process Guide(Cyber AB) DoD CUI Handling Guidelines(DoD CIO)
#Final Answer: B. Log into the client VPN from the client laptop and retrieve the documents from the secure cloud storage service.
NEW QUESTION # 81
Which resource contains authoritative data classifications of CUI?
- A. OSC's privacy policies
- B. CMMC-AB
- C. DoD Contractors FAQ
- D. NARA
Answer: D
Explanation:
The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) serves as the authoritative body overseeing the Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI) program within the United States federal government. NARA maintains the CUI Registry, which is the definitive resource for all categories, subcategories, and associated markings of CUI. This registry provides comprehensive guidance on the identification and handling of CUI, ensuring standardized practices across federal agencies and their contractors.
The other options are delineated as follows:
* CMMC-AB:The Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification Accreditation Body is responsible for overseeing the CMMC program but does not manage CUI classifications.
* DoD Contractors FAQ:While it may offer guidance to Department of Defense contractors, it is not an authoritative source for CUI data classifications.
* OSC's privacy policies:An Organization Seeking Certification's internal policies pertain to its own data handling practices and are not authoritative for CUI classifications.
Therefore, for authoritative information on CUI data classifications, the NARA's CUI Registry is the appropriate resource.
NEW QUESTION # 82
In late September. CA.L2-3.12.1: Periodically assess the security controls in organizational systems to determine if the controls are effective in their application is assessed. Procedure specifies that a security control assessment shall be conducted quarterly. The Lead Assessor is only provided the first quarter assessment report because the person conducting the second quarter's assessment is currently out of the office and will return to the office in two hours. Based on this information, the Lead Assessor should determine that the evidence is;
- A. sufficient, and rate the audit finding as MET
- B. sufficient, and re-rate the audit finding after a quarter two assessment report is examined.
- C. insufficient, and rate the audit finding as NOT MET.
- D. insufficient, and re-rate the audit finding after a quarter two assessment report is examined.
Answer: C
Explanation:
CA.L2-3.12.1:"Periodically assess the security controls in organizational systems to determine if the controls are effective in their application." This control is derived fromNIST SP 800-171, Requirement 3.12.1, which mandates organizations to performregular security control assessmentsto ensure compliance and effectiveness.
Evidence Review & Assessment Timeline:
The organization's procedureexplicitly statesthat security control assessments must be conductedquarterly (every three months).
Since the Lead Assessor only has access to thefirst-quarter report, the second-quarter report is missing at the time of assessment.
CMMC Audit Requirements:
For an assessor to rate a control asMET, sufficient evidence must bereadily availableat the time of evaluation.
Since the second-quarter report is missingat the time of assessment, the Lead Assessorcannot verify compliancewith the organization's own stated frequency of assessment.
Why the Answer is NOT A, C, or D:
A (Sufficient, MET)#Incorrect: The control assessment frequency is quarterly, but the evidence for Q2 is not available. Compliance cannot be confirmed.
C (Sufficient, and re-rate later)#Incorrect: If evidence is not available during the audit, the controlcannot be rated as MET initially. There is no provision in CMMC 2.0 to "conditionally" pass a control pending future evidence.
D (Insufficient, but re-rate later)#Incorrect: Once a control is ratedNOT MET, it staysNOT METuntil a re- assessment is conducted in a new audit cycle. The assessordoes not adjust ratings retroactivelybased on future evidence.
Control Reference: CA.L2-3.12.1Assessment Criteria & Justification for the Correct Answer CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Guide (2023):
"For a control to be rated as MET, the assessed organization must provide sufficient evidence at the time of the assessment."
"If evidence is missing or incomplete, the finding shall be rated as NOT MET." NIST SP 800-171A (Security Requirement Assessment Guide):
"Evidence must be current, relevant, and sufficient to demonstrate compliance with stated periodicity requirements." Since the procedure mandatesquarterly assessments, missing evidence means compliancecannot be validated.
DoD CMMC Scoping Guidance:
"Assessors shall base their determination on the evidence provided at the time of assessment. If required evidence is not available, the control shall be rated as NOT MET." Official CMMC 2.0 References Supporting the Answer Final Conclusion:Thecorrect answer is Bbecause the required evidence (the second-quarter report) is not availableat the time of assessment, making itinsufficientto validate compliance. The Lead Assessormust rate the control as NOT METin accordance with CMMC 2.0 assessment rules.
NEW QUESTION # 83
While developing an assessment plan for an OSC. it is discovered that the certified assessor will be interviewing a former college roommate. What is the MOST correct action to take?
- A. Inform the OSC and the C3PAO of the possible conflict of interest but since it has been an acceptable amount of time since college, no conflict of interest exists, and continue as planned.
- B. Inform the OSC and the C3PAO of the possible conflict of interest, document the conflict and mitigation actions in the assessment plan, and if the mitigation actions are acceptable, continue with the assessment.
- C. Do not inform the OSC and the C3PAO of the possible conflict of interest, and continue as planned.
- D. Inform the OSC and the C3PAO of the possible conflict of interest, and start the entire process over without the conflicted team member.
Answer: B
Explanation:
TheCybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) Assessment Process (CAP)outlines strict guidelines regardingconflicts of interest (COI)to ensure the integrity and impartiality of assessments conducted byCertified Third-Party Assessment Organizations (C3PAOs)andCertified Assessors (CAs).
The scenario presented involves apotential conflict of interestdue to a prior relationship (former college roommate) between thecertified assessorand an individual at theOrganization Seeking Certification (OSC)
. While this prior relationship does not automatically disqualify the assessor, it must bedisclosed, documented, and mitigated appropriately.
* Inform the OSC and C3PAO of the Potential Conflict of Interest
* TheCMMC Code of Professional Conduct (CoPC)requires assessors to disclose any potential conflicts of interest.
* Transparency ensures that all parties, including theOSC and C3PAO, are aware of the situation.
* Document the Conflict and Mitigation Actions in the Assessment Plan
* PerCMMC CAP documentation, potential conflicts should be assessed based on their material impact on the objectivity of the assessment.
* The conflict and proposed mitigation strategies must beformally recorded in the assessment planto provide an audit trail.
* Determine If the Mitigation Actions Are Acceptable
* If theOSC and C3PAOdetermine that the mitigation actions adequatelyeliminate or reduce the risk of bias, the assessment may proceed.
* Common mitigation strategies include:
* Assigning another assessor forinterviews with the conflicted individual.
* Ensuring thatdecisions regarding the OSC's compliance are reviewed independently.
* Proceed with the Assessment If Mitigation Is Acceptable
* If the mitigation actions sufficiently address the conflict, the assessment may continue under strict adherence to documented procedures.
CMMC Conflict of Interest Handling Process
* A. Do not inform the OSC and the C3PAO of the possible conflict of interest, and continue as planned.#Incorrect. This violates CMMC's integrity requirements and could result indisciplinary actions against the assessor or invalidation of the assessment. Transparency is mandatory.
* B. Inform the OSC and the C3PAO of the possible conflict of interest, and start the entire process over without the conflicted team member.#Incorrect. The CAP doesnotmandate immediate reassignment unless the conflict isunresolvable. Instead, mitigation strategies should be considered first.
* C. Inform the OSC and the C3PAO of the possible conflict of interest but since it has been an acceptable amount of time since college, no conflict of interest exists, and continue as planned.
#Incorrect.The passage of time alone does not automatically eliminate a conflict of interest. Proper documentation and mitigation are still required.
Why the Other Answers Are Incorrect
* CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document- Defines COI requirements and mitigation actions.
* CMMC Code of Professional Conduct (CoPC)- Outlines ethical responsibilities of assessors.
* CMMC Accreditation Body (Cyber-AB) Guidance- Provides rules on conflict resolution.
CMMC Official ReferencesThus,option D is the most correct choice, as it aligns with the official CMMC conflict of interest procedures.
NEW QUESTION # 84
Which NIST SP discusses protecting CUI in nonfederal systems and organizations?
- A. NIST SP 800-53
- B. NIST SP 800-171
- C. NIST SP 800-88
- D. NIST SP 800-37
Answer: B
Explanation:
Understanding the Role of NIST SP 800-171 in CMMCNIST Special Publication (SP)800-171is the definitive standard for protectingControlled Unclassified Information (CUI)innonfederal systems and organizations. It provides security requirements that organizations handling CUImust implementto protect sensitive government information.
This document isthe foundationofCMMC 2.0 Level 2compliance, which aligns directly withNIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2requirements.
Breakdown of Answer ChoicesNIST SP
Title
Relevance to CMMC
NIST SP 800-37
Risk Management Framework (RMF)
Focuses on risk assessment for federal agencies, not directly applicable to CUI in nonfederal systems.
NIST SP 800-53
Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Systems
Provides security controls forfederalinformation systems, not specifically tailored tononfederalorganizations handling CUI.
NIST SP 800-88
Guidelines for Media Sanitization
Covers secure data destruction and disposal, not overall CUI protection.
NIST SP 800-171
Protecting Controlled Unclassified Information in Nonfederal Systems and Organizations
#Correct Answer - Directly addresses CUI protection in contractor systems.
Key Requirements from NIST SP 800-171The document outlines110 security controlsgrouped into14 families, including:
* Access Control (AC)- Restrict access to authorized users.
* Audit and Accountability (AU)- Maintain system logs and monitor activity.
* Incident Response (IR)- Establish an incident response plan.
* System and Communications Protection (SC)- Encrypt CUI in transit and at rest.
These controls serve as thebaseline requirementsfor organizations seekingCMMC Level 2 certificationto work withCUI.
* CMMC 2.0 Level 2alignsdirectlywith NIST SP800-171 Rev. 2.
* DoD contractors that handle CUImustcomply withall 110 controlsfrom NIST SP800-171.
Official Reference from CMMC 2.0 DocumentationFinal Verification and ConclusionThe correct answer isD.
NIST SP 800-171, as this documentexplicitly definesthe cybersecurity requirements for protectingCUI in nonfederal systems and organizations.
NEW QUESTION # 85
A contractor has implemented IA.L2-3.5.3: Multifactor Authentication practice for their privileged users, however, during the assessment it was discovered that the OSC's standard users do not require MFA to access their endpoints and network resources. What would be the BEST finding?
- A. The new acquisition is considered Specialized Assets.
- B. Practice is NOT MET since the objective was not implemented.
- C. It is out of scope as this is a new acquisition.
- D. The process is running correctly.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 86
Two network administrators are working together to determine a network configuration in preparation for CMMC. The administrators find that they disagree on a couple of small items. Which solution is the BEST way to ensure compliance with CMMC?
- A. Consult the CMMC Assessment Guides and NIST SP 800-171.
- B. Go with the network administrator's ideas with the least stringent controls.
- C. Consult with the CEO of the company.
- D. Go with the network administrator's ideas with the most stringent controls.
Answer: A
Explanation:
When preparing forCMMC compliance, organizations must ensure that theirnetwork configurations align with required cybersecurity controls. Ifnetwork administratorsdisagree on certain configurations, the mostobjective and accurateway to resolve the disagreement is by referencingofficial CMMC guidanceandNIST SP 800-171 requirements, which form the foundation of CMMC Level 2.
Step-by-Step Breakdown:
CMMC Assessment Guides as the Primary Reference
TheCMMC Assessment Guides (Level 1 & Level 2)provide clearinterpretationsof security practices.
Theyexplain how each practice should be implemented and assessedduring certification.
NIST SP 800-171 as the Compliance Baseline
CMMC Level 2is based directly onNIST SP 800-171, which outlines the110 security controlsrequired for protectingControlled Unclassified Information (CUI).
Network configurations must complywith NIST-defined security requirements, including:
Access Control (AC) - Ensuring least privilege principles.
Audit and Accountability (AU) - Logging and monitoring network activity.
System and Communications Protection (SC) - Secure network design and encryption.
Why the Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect:
(A) Consult with the CEO of the company:
ACEO is not necessarily a cybersecurity expertand may not be familiar with CMMC technical requirements.
Technical compliance decisions should be based onCMMC and NISTframeworks, not executive opinions.
(C) Go with the network administrator's ideas with the least stringent controls:
Choosingless stringent controls increases security riskand could lead toCMMC non-compliance.
(D) Go with the network administrator's ideas with the most stringent controls:
While security is important,more stringent controlsmay introduceoperational inefficienciesorunnecessary coststhat are not required for compliance.
The correct approach is to implement what is required by CMMC and NIST SP 800-171, no more and no less.
Final Validation from CMMC Documentation:
TheCMMC Assessment GuidesandNIST SP 800-171 Rev. 2areofficial sourcesthat provide the most reliable guidance on compliance.
CMMC Level 2 is entirely based on NIST SP 800-171, making it the definitive source for resolving security disagreements.
Thus, the correct answer is:
B). Consult the CMMC Assessment Guides and NIST SP 800-171.
NEW QUESTION # 87
A C3PAO is near completion of a Level 2 Assessment for an OSC. The CMMC Findings Brief and CMMC Assessment Results documents have been developed. The Final Recommended Assessment Results are being generated. When generating these results, what MUST be included?
- A. Fully executed CMMC Assessment contract between the C3PAO and the OSC
- B. Review documentation for the CMMC Quality Assurance Professional (CQAP)
- C. Recorded and final updated Daily Checkpoint
- D. An updated Assessment Plan
Answer: B
Explanation:
According to the CMMC Assessment Process (CAP), specifically within the Phase 4: Reporting Results requirements, a C3PAO must ensure that every assessment package undergoes a rigorous quality review before it is finalized and submitted to the Department of Defense (DoD).
The Role of the CQAP: The CMMC Quality Assurance Professional (CQAP) is a designated role within a C3PAO responsible for verifying that the assessment was conducted in accordance with the CAP and that the evidence collected (the "Artifacts") supports the findings (Met/Not Met).
Mandatory Inclusion: When generating the Final Recommended Assessment Results, the package is not considered complete or valid without the formal review documentation from the CQAP. This documentation serves as the "stamp of approval" that the internal Quality Management System (QMS) of the C3PAO has validated the assessment team's work.
Why other options are incorrect:
Option A: While the Assessment Plan is a required document during the planning phase, it is an input to the process, not a mandatory component of theFinal Resultsgeneration in the same way quality validation is.
Option B: Daily Checkpoints are administrative tools used during the "Conduct Assessment" phase to keep the OSC informed. While they are part of the assessment record, they are not a mandatory technical component of the final results package.
Option C: The contract is a legal/business requirement handled during the "Plan and Prepare" phase; it is not included in the technical assessment results uploaded to the DoD.
Reference Documents:
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0: Section 4.2 (Finalize Assessment Report) and Section 4.3 (C3PAO Quality Review).
C3PAO Authorization Requirements: Specifies the requirement for a Quality Assurance (QA) function to review all assessment outputs to ensure consistency and integrity across the ecosystem.
NEW QUESTION # 88
A CMMC Assessment Team arrives at an OSC to begin a CMMC Level 2 Assessment. The team checks in at the front desk and lets the receptionist know that they are here to conduct the assessment. The receptionist is aware that the team is arriving today and points down a hallway where the conference room is. The receptionist tells the Lead Assessor to wait in the conference room. as someone will be there shortly. The receptionist fails to check for credentials and fails to escort the team. The receptionist's actions are in direct violation of which CMMC practice?
- A. PS.L2-3.9.1; Screen individuals prior to authorizing access to organizational systems containing CUI
- B. PE.L1-3.10.3: Escort visitors and monitor visitor activity
- C. PS.L2-3 9.2: Ensure that organizational systems containing CUI are protected during and after personnel actions such as terminations and transfers
- D. PE.L1-3.10.5: Control and manage physical access devices
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 89
The Assessment Team has completed Phase 2 of the Assessment Process. In conducting Phase 3 of the Assessment Process, the Assessment Team is reviewing evidence to address Limited Practice Deficiency Corrections. How should the team score practices in which the evidence shows the deficiencies have been corrected?
- A. MET
- B. NOT MET
- C. NOT APPLICABLE
- D. POA&M
Answer: A
Explanation:
Understanding the CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) PhasesTheCMMC Assessment Process (CAP) consists ofthree primary phases:
* Phase 1 - Planning(Pre-assessment activities)
* Phase 2 - Conducting the Assessment(Evidence collection and analysis)
* Phase 3 - Reporting and Finalizing Results
DuringPhase 3, the Assessment Teamreviews evidenceto confirm if anyLimited Practice Deficiency Correctionshave been successfully implemented.
Scoring Practices in Phase 3The CAP document specifies that a practice can bescored as METif:
#The deficiency identified in Phase 2 has been fully corrected before final scoring.
#Sufficient evidence is provided to demonstrate compliance with the CMMC requirement.
#The correction is notmerely plannedbutfully implemented and validatedby the assessors.
Since the evidence shows thatdeficiencies have been corrected, the correct score isMET.
* B. POA&M (Plan of Action & Milestones)#Incorrect. APOA&M (Plan of Action and Milestones)is usedonly when a deficiency remains unresolved. Since the deficiency is already corrected, this option does not apply.
* C. NOT MET#Incorrect. A practice is scoredNOT METonly if the deficiency hasnotbeen corrected by the end of the assessment.
* D. NOT APPLICABLE#Incorrect. A practice is markedNOT APPLICABLE (N/A)only if it doesnot apply to the organization's environment, which is not the case here.
Why the Other Answers Are Incorrect
* CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document- Defines scoring criteria for MET, NOT MET, and POA&M.
CMMC Official ReferencesThus,option A (MET) is the correct answer, as the deficiencies have been corrected before final scoring.
NEW QUESTION # 90
How many domains does the CMMC Model consist of?
- A. 72 domains
- B. 110 domains
- C. 43 domains
- D. 14 domains
Answer: D
Explanation:
Step 1: Understanding CMMC Domains
TheCMMC Model consists of 14 domains, which are based on theNIST SP 800-171 control familieswith additional cybersecurity practices.
Eachdomaincontainspractices and processesthat define cybersecurity requirements for organizations seeking CMMC certification.
Reference:
CMMC 2.0 Model Documentation
NIST SP 800-171 Framework
Step 2: List of 14 CMMC Domains
Access Control (AC)
Asset Management (AM)(Introduced in CMMC 2.0 for scoping guidance)
Audit and Accountability (AU)
Awareness and Training (AT)
Configuration Management (CM)
Identification and Authentication (IA)
Incident Response (IR)
Maintenance (MA)
Media Protection (MP)
Personnel Security (PS)
Physical Protection (PE)
Risk Management (RM)
Security Assessment (CA)
System and Communications Protection (SC)
Step 3: Why Other Answer Choices Are Incorrect
B). 43 domains (Incorrect):
The CMMC model does not have43 domains; this number is incorrect.
C). 72 domains (Incorrect):
There are72 practices in CMMC Level 2, but not72 domains.
D). 110 domains (Incorrect):
110 refers to the number of security controls in NIST SP 800-171, which aligns withCMMC Level 2, but these are controls, not domains.
Final Confirmation of Correct Answer:
The CMMC Model consists of 14 domains based on NIST SP 800-171 control families.
Thus, the correct answer is:A. 14 domains
NEW QUESTION # 91
When assessing SI.L2-3.14.6: Monitor communications for attack, the CCA interviews the person responsible for the intrusion detection system and examines relevant policies and procedures for monitoring organizational systems. What would be a possible next step the CCA could conduct to gather sufficient evidence?
- A. Review an artifact to check key references for the configuration of the IDS or IPS practice for additional guidance on intrusion detection and prevention systems.
- B. Upload known malicious code and observe the system response.
- C. Conduct a penetration test
- D. Interview the intrusion detection system's supplier.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 92
When executing a remediation review, the Lead Assessor should:
- A. submit a delta assessment remediation package for C3PAO's internal quality review.
- B. validate that practices previously listed on the POA&M have been removed on an updated Risk Assessment.
- C. help OSC to complete planned remediation activities.
- D. plan two consecutive remediation reviews for an OSC.
Answer: A
Explanation:
In the context of the Cybersecurity Maturity Model Certification (CMMC) 2.0, the remediation review process is a critical phase where identified deficiencies from an initial assessment are addressed. The Lead Assessor, representing a Certified Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO), plays a pivotal role in this process.
Role of the Lead Assessor in Remediation Reviews:
* Validation of Remediation Efforts:
* Objective:Ensure that the Organization Seeking Certification (OSC) has effectively addressed and corrected all deficiencies identified during the initial assessment.
* Process:The Lead Assessor reviews the evidence provided by the OSC to confirm that each previously unmet practice now meets the required standards. This involves examining updated policies, procedures, system configurations, and other relevant artifacts.
* Delta Assessment Remediation Package Submission:
* Definition:A delta assessment focuses on evaluating only the components or practices that were previously found non-compliant or deficient.
* Responsibility:After validating the remediation efforts, the Lead Assessor compiles a remediation package that includes:
* Detailed documentation of the deficiencies identified in the initial assessment.
* Evidence of the corrective actions taken by the OSC.
* Findings from the reassessment of the remediated practices.
* Internal Quality Review:This remediation package is then submitted for the C3PAO's internal quality review process. The purpose of this review is to ensure the accuracy, completeness, and consistency of the assessment findings before finalizing the certification decision.
Rationale for Selecting Answer C:
* Alignment with CMMC Assessment Process:The submission of a delta assessment remediation package for internal quality review is a standard procedure outlined in the CMMC Assessment Process.
This step ensures that all remediated items are thoroughly evaluated and validated, maintaining the integrity of the certification process.
Clarification of Incorrect Options:
* Option A:"Help OSC to complete planned remediation activities."
* Explanation:The Lead Assessor's role is to assess and validate the OSC's compliance, not to assist in the implementation or completion of remediation activities. Providing such assistance could lead to a conflict of interest and compromise the objectivity of the assessment.
* Option B:"Plan two consecutive remediation reviews for an OSC."
* Explanation:The standard process involves conducting a single remediation review after the OSC has addressed the identified deficiencies. Planning multiple consecutive remediation reviews is not a typical practice and could indicate a lack of proper remediation planning by the OSC.
* Option D:"Validate that practices previously listed on the POA&M have been removed on an updated Risk Assessment."
* Explanation:While it's essential to ensure that deficiencies are addressed, the primary focus of the Lead Assessor during a remediation review is to validate the implementation of remediated practices. Updating the Risk Assessment is the responsibility of the OSC's internal risk management team, not the Lead Assessor.
References:
CMMC Assessment Process v2.0
CyberAB
CMMC Assessment Guide - Level 2
Defense Innovation Unit
These documents provide detailed guidelines on the roles and responsibilities of assessors, the remediation review process, and the procedures for submitting assessment findings for quality review within the CMMC framework.
NEW QUESTION # 93
The Lead Assessor interviews a network security specialist of an OSC. The incident monitoring report for the month shows that no security incidents were reported from OSC's external SOC service provider. This is provided as evidence for RA.L2-3.11.2: Scan for vulnerabilities in organizational systems and applications periodically and when new vulnerabilities affecting those systems and applications are identified. Based on this information, the Lead Assessor should conclude that the evidence is:
- A. inadequate because the OSC's service provider should be interviewed.
- B. inadequate because it is irrelevant to the practice.
- C. adequate because no security incidents were reported.
- D. adequate because it fits well for expected artifacts.
Answer: B
Explanation:
Understanding RA.L2-3.11.2: Vulnerability ScanningTheRA.L2-3.11.2practice requires organizations to:
#Regularly scan for vulnerabilitiesin systems and applications.
#Perform scans when new vulnerabilities are identified.
#Use vulnerability scanning tools or servicesto proactively detect security weaknesses.
Anincident monitoring reporttrackssecurity incidents, notvulnerability scanning activities.
Vulnerability scanning reportsshould include:#A list of vulnerabilities detected.#Remediation actions taken.
#Scan frequency and schedule.
Theabsence of reported security incidentsdoesnotconfirm that vulnerability scans were performed.
Why Is an Incident Monitoring Report Irrelevant?
A). Inadequate because it is irrelevant to the practice # Correct
Alack of reported security incidents does not confirm that vulnerability scanning was performed.
B). Adequate because it fits well for expected artifacts # Incorrect
Incident monitoring reportsare not expected artifactsfor this control.Vulnerability scan reportsare required instead.
C). Adequate because no security incidents were reported # Incorrect
The absence of incidents does not mean the OSC is performing vulnerability scanning. This isnot valid evidence.
D). Inadequate because the OSC's service provider should be interviewed # Incorrect While interviewing the provider may be useful, themain issue is that the provided evidence is irrelevant.
Thecorrect evidence (vulnerability scan reports) is missing.
Why is the Correct Answer "A. Inadequate because it is irrelevant to the practice"?
NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.11.2 - Vulnerability Scanning)
Defines the requirement toscan for vulnerabilities periodically and when new threats emerge.
CMMC Assessment Guide for Level 2
Specifies that evidence for RA.L2-3.11.2 should includevulnerability scan reports, not incident monitoring reports.
CMMC 2.0 Model Overview
Confirms that organizationsmust proactively identify vulnerabilities through scanning, not just rely on incident detection.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer.
NEW QUESTION # 94
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